Internal-combustion motor.



No'. 865,135. PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907. v B. L. TOQUET. INTERNALGOMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JARS, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR w w|TNEsses TIDBNEYS No. 865,135. PATENTED SEPT. s, 1907.

, B. L. TOQUBTl INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FIIED JAN.6,` 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 WITNESSES AIIQRNEYS chamber with the explosive mixture.

UNITED STATES yIa'n-iTEN'T IOEEICE.

.BENJAMIN LoUIsITooUET, lor wEsTPoRT, CONNECTICUT.

AIN'IERNAL-COHBUSTION HOTOR.

To all whorny 'it may concern:

Bo it known that I, BENJAMIN LoUrs Too/Uns?, a citizen of th'o UnitedStates of America, residing in Westport, in the county of Fairfield,State of Connecticut,

' engines ormotors more suitable for use in automobiles.

Most motors of this type utilize the crank case and piston as a pumpwith which to' supply the explosion On its up-stroke the piston createsa partial' `vacuumin the crank case. This vacuum draws the explosivemixture into the crank case through a check v alvoor throughs port solocated as to prevent the'mixture from blowing back.'v

On its down-stroke the piston compressesthe mixture to some extentandzwhen .the by-pass opens, the mixture rushes up into the explosionchamber. If any traces of flame or'fire left over from the lastexplosion are present. in the explosion chamber when the mixture rushesin, the latter is instantly ignited, and the flame rushes down theby-pass and ,explodes the mixture in the crank case. This explosion ispractically instantaneous and sometimes passes-up -againthrough theIcy-pass and explosionlchamber 'and out through the exhaust port, makinga very objectionable noise.

Atother times it is caught in the crank case by the closing of theby-pass andexpends itself against the side walls and piston. In thelatter case it is apt to do damage, especially to crankv shafts upon'which two or more cylinders are used. Attempts have been made to preventsuch back firing by introducing into the bypass such a screen of `tinewire gauze as is used in miners safety lamps for a similar purpose.While this screen prevents back explosions it also prevents the freepassage of .the explosive' mixture, particularly at high speed. Theby-pass i's open for a' very short period ,at th'e end .of the stroke,and therefore there is but little 'time-for the mixture to pass. In almotor of ordinary design running at full speed,tl' ie total time ofopening might not exceed l/54th of a second. This, together with thefact that the crank case pressure seldom exceeds" 10 pounds, means thatevenif, the lay-pass is free the by-pass is obstructed by. a wirescreen. e j

Specification of Letters Patent.-

Application filed January 6, 1906. Smil NO- 294,960.

Patented sept'. 3, 1907.

I so combine the screen with a valve that the explo.- sive mixture willhave a clear and unobstructed passage to the motor cylinder when workingon full speed, butthe mixture will be Icompelled to pass through thescreen more or less when throttled.

In the 'accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is an exterior elevation oi agas engine embodying my invention: Fig. 2 is a vertical section on theline 2-2, Fig. 1 ;r Fig.

3 isan enlarged face view of the throttle valve seat in the bythe valveand cover plate having been removed; Fig. 4 is, a rear view ofthe valve;and Fig. 5 is a viront elevation, and Fig. 6 an end elevation of amodification.

`Referring` toFigs. 1 to 4, A is the working cylinder of a two-cycle.gas engine', B is the piston; and G is the crank case with crank shaftD and connecting rod E.

The by-pass, which forms the connection between the crank case andworking chamber is shown at F,-while the exhafust port' is indicated atG. Within the by- Figs. 2 and 4, adaptodto a seat .l (Fig. 3) andcapable otbeing operated lby a turning motion by means of a lever K. Thevalvehas an opening h, which extends,

aroundanrarc of'say about 180- and this opening is partly covered bygauze h1. The clear opening left in the disk valve is made about equalto the' size of the pass, I provide a throttle valveH in the form of adisk;

port j', Fig-.3, leading to the working cylinder. When this clearopening in the valve registers with 'the port j, Vas intended to beindicatedin Figs. -1 and 2, there is-a clear opening from 'the'crank.,case supply chamber to the-working cylinder. j When the valve isrotated in the direction o the arrows, Figs. 1 and 4, the passage at theport j will becovored by the 'gauze h. If the valve be turned 90further, the throttle will be 'entirely closed. i

mil

To make the utility and value of my invention more u clear, lit maybeworth while to mention some of the causes of 'explosions in crank casesor other supply chambers. The`primary cause is of course the presence offire 'in the explosion 'chamber 'when the by-pas's opens. This lire isleft-over'rom the previous explosion, and its presence mayibe due to anyof severalcauses. .Ii too little gasolene is admitted' at the carbureterthe mixture will be thin and `burn slowly, thus causing crank caseexplosionsat comparatively slow speed. If the motorispermitted in such acase to run slowly. lf, however, 'the mixture isgood and themetor has avery small fraction of its normal load to carry,A

as can one'of `the four-cycle type: If it has its full `load it willnever fire back to the crank case so .long as thev mixture is anywherenear right'. It may even be los ' it maybecontrolled by the throttlequiteas effectively case explosions will follow ii not stopped bythegauze From the above it will be vseen that When the load is ott thescreen is essential; when the load is light, enough gas will passthrough a small portion'of screen. As the load becomes greater more ofthe screen will come into use and its ullarea will give considerablepower. At this point the motor will be getting enough gas to insure goodignition and ii more power is needed, the throttle may be safely openeduntil the gauze swings out of the way and theiull clear opening isavailable for thepassage o the gas. l

-The operation oi the device will be clearly understood from theforegoing explanation. It should be understood, however, that While Iprefer the construction hereinbefore described, I do vnot limit myselfthereto, 'as the invention is suceptible of considerable modification ByWay of example, I have shown in Figs. 5

and 6 one'modiied form, in which my invention may .beembodied 'In thatmodification, I have provided two by-passes F1 and F2, each providedwith a valve I'Il (H2).v In one only oi the ley-passes I provide ascreen, as at h2. Thus the explosive mixture may be allowed to passthrough the clear ley-pass or through the v.

screened bly-pass, or partly through each or be lwholly cut ofi.

I claim 'as my invention 1. The combination in an internal combustionmotor, of

a working cylinder', a chamber to supply the explosive mixture to theworking cylinder, connecting.: means between the cylinder and the'chamber, and :i screen and vulve means whereby the explosive mixture isdirected either wholly or partly through the screen or clear ot it,

2. The combination in a two-cycle linternal combustion motor, of aworkingr cylinder', a crank case, connecting' means between the crankcase and cylinder :1nd a screen andvvalve means whereby the explosivemixture is directed either Wholly or partly through the screen. y

The combination of the working chamber of n twocycle internal combustionmotor with a. crank case and connecting hy-pass and a valve in theby-puss hziving'a clear passage and carrying a screen, whereby, oumovement of the` valve, the explosive mixture may be directed 4eitherthrough the screen or through the-cleur passage or through both for thepurpose set forth.

4. 'lhe combination of the working chamber of a twocycle internalcombustion motor with n crunk cose and connecting by-pass, und a valvein the by-puss having:l an opening' and a screen partly closing saidopening, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination in an internal combustion motor, of n workingcylinder, :i chamberto supply the explosive mixture to the workingcylinder, connecting means hetween the cylinder'v and the chamber, and ascreen und means whereby the explosive mixture is directed either whollyor partly through the screen or clear of-it.

G. The combination in an internal combustion motor, of a workingcylinder', a chamber to supply the explosive` mixture to the Workingcylinder, connecting means hetween the cylinder' and the chamber, und nmovable screen whereby the explosive mixture is directed either whollyor partly through the screen or clear of it.

In testimony whereof I have signed myy name-to this speciticaition, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses WAL'rI-:u R. Bmci Hunnu'l lIowsoN..

